Proof of Citizenship: Documents That Show You Are a U.S. Citizen
Proof of citizenship is an official document showing that a person is a U.S. citizen. For a passport application, the U.S. Department of State separates evidence into primary and secondary types.
What vital record do you need?
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Primary evidence
The State Department lists these as primary evidence:
- A qualifying U.S. birth certificate
- A full-validity, undamaged U.S. passport
- A Consular Report of Birth Abroad or Certification of Birth
- A Certificate of Naturalization
- A Certificate of Citizenship
USCIS says a birth certificate provides proof of citizenship for people born in the United States, and that either a Certificate of Naturalization or a Certificate of Citizenship can serve as proof for naturalized or derivative citizens.
What a birth certificate must show
The State Department says a U.S. birth certificate must show the city, county or state of birth and a seal or stamp from that office. It must also show the registrar's signature, a filing date within one year of birth, and the parents' full names. Electronic copies are not accepted.
Secondary evidence
If you cannot provide primary evidence, the Department accepts a delayed birth certificate or a state-issued Letter of No Record, along with early public or private records from your first five years. Check the Department's current guidance, since requirements can change.
Frequently asked questions
Is a passport proof of citizenship?
Yes, when it is full-validity and undamaged, according to the State Department.
Can I use a hospital record?
A hospital birth record from your first five years can be secondary evidence, according to the State Department.
Can I use an electronic copy of my birth certificate?
The State Department says electronic copies of birth certificates are not accepted for passport applications.
Sources
US Records is a private company and is not a government agency. Government agencies issue certified records; we help you order them.
Written By
US Records TeamThe US Records Team writes and reviews guides on birth, death, marriage and divorce certificates, using state statutes, agency instructions and court records as sources.
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