Coroner: How the Role Differs From a Medical Examiner
A coroner is a local official responsible for investigating certain deaths, such as those that are sudden, violent or unattended. The National Institute of Justice notes that many coroners are elected and may not be required to be medical professionals.
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How coroners differ from medical examiners
| Coroner | Medical examiner | |
|---|---|---|
| Typical background | Often elected; may not be a medical professional | Physician trained in pathology |
| Selection | Frequently elected | Usually appointed |
| Local structure | Varies by state, county or city | Varies by state, county or city |
The NIJ explains that offices may be under state, county or city control, so structures differ widely. In some small areas, a person without medical training may determine the cause of death.
When coroners get involved
The CDC says deaths involving accident, suicide or homicide must be referred to a medical examiner or coroner, who completes the death certificate for those cases. The CDC handbook adds that jurisdiction depends on state law.
Frequently asked questions
Does my state use coroners or medical examiners?
It varies. The NIJ describes a local, patchwork system. Check with your state or county vital records office.
Can a coroner sign a death certificate?
Yes. The CDC says a coroner or medical examiner may complete the certification, especially in cases referred to them.
Do I need to contact the coroner myself?
Usually not. The funeral director is required to notify the medical examiner or coroner of accidents, suicides, homicides or deaths without medical attendance.
Sources
- National Institute of Justice, The Daunting Task of Strengthening Medical Examiner and Coroner Investigations
- CDC National Center for Health Statistics, Medical Examiners' and Coroners' Handbook on Death Registration and Fetal Death Reporting
- CDC National Center for Health Statistics, Improving Cause-of-Death Reporting Glossary
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Written By
US Records TeamThe US Records Team writes and reviews guides on birth, death, marriage and divorce certificates, using state statutes, agency instructions and court records as sources.
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